Neuroscience

Neuroscience refers to the study of the brain and the nervous system, the neuroscience field has made tremendous progress. Scientists has been on a strive for a deeper understanding of how the brain’s 100 billion nerve cells are born, grow, and connect. They study about functional circuits that remain in working order for life.

Major Branches of Modern Neuroscience

Based on research areas and subjects of study the following branches of neuroscience has mentioned below:

Affective neuroscience – In most research cases the research is done on laboratory animals and they keep an eye on them to know how neurons behave in relation to emotions.

Behavioral neuroscience – the study of the biological bases of behavior there they keep looking at how the brain affects behavior.

Cellular neuroscience – the study of neurons, including their form and physiological properties at cellular level.

Clinical neuroscience – they look at the disorders of the nervous system, while psychiatry, for example, look at the disorders of the mind.

Computational neuroscience – they try to understand how brains compute, using computers to simulate and model brain functions, and applying techniques from mathematics, physics and other computational fields to study brain function.

Cultural neuroscience – they look at how beliefs, practices and cultural values are shaped by and shape the brain, minds and genes over different periods.

Developmental neuroscience – they look at how the nervous system develops on a cellular basis; what underlying mechanisms exist in neural development.

Molecular neuroscience – the study of the role of individual molecules in the nervous system.

Neuroengineering – using engineering techniques to better understand, replace, repair, or improve neural systems.

Neuroimaging – it is a branch of medical imaging that concentrates on the brain. Neuroimaging is used to diagnose disease and assess the health of the brain. It can also be useful in the study of the brain, how it works, and how different activities affect the brain.

Neurolinguistics – studying what neural mechanisms in the brain control the acquisition, comprehension and utterance of language.

Neurophysiology – they look at the relationship of the brain and its functions, and the sum of the body’s parts and how they interrelate. It is a study of how the nervous system functions, typically using physiological techniques, such as stimulation with electrodes, light-sensitive channels, or ion- or voltage-sensitive dyes.

Paleoneurology – the study of the brain using fossils.